Upper nozzles are inserted into the well blocks in ladle bottom or tundish bottom. It is replaced together with well blocks when repairing of ladles and tundish are needed.

Ladle upper nozzles are combined with slide gate plate and collector nozzle; Tundish upper nozzles are combined with lower nozzles.

Types: There are generally two types--- upper nozzles for slide gate set and upper nozzles for tundish exchangeable nozzle.

Material:

upper nozzle for slide gate set--- alumina carbon material

Upper nozzle for exchangeable tundish nozzle-- alumina carbon material with zirconia insert

To meet different demands of service life and operation situation, materials are adjusted sometimes. Technical data below is attached for reference.

Function refractories for continuous casting steel is a kind of advanced refractories aimed for clean steel. With function refractories, molten steel flow is better controlled, and could be protected from Oxygen during casting.

Function refractories for steel continuous casting generally include refractories from steel Ladle to Tundish and Tundish to Copper Mould Tube.

Function refractories are generally combined nozzles without binding agent, so the dimension and surface of such refractories are strictly controlled to match each other tightly.

Operation of function refractories are generally by steel Mechanism, as listed below:

Concast- CNM

Danieli- FNC

Interstop- MNC

Krosaki- OTNC

Vesuvius- CNC/SYS120